A business organization is an open system that interacts with a direct environment - customers, suppliers and institutions - and an indirect environment composed of macroeconomic, technological, social and cultural factors. This dynamic requires flexible competitive strategies, supported by a technological strategy that identifies and develops technologies to create value and increase productivity.The company requires an adaptable structure and a continuously trained workforce, capable of generating gradual or radical innovations. Strategic leadership is key to fostering a culture of learning and change that strengthens human capital.Strategic thinking makes it possible to understand the relationship between the internal and external environment, identify opportunities and threats, and guide R&D&I. Organizations can compete with low-cost or differentiated products, always aligned with the product life cycle.In the digital era, ICTs and artificial intelligence are essential for managing information, driving innovation and strengthening human capital, a central element of technological progress and sustainable competitiveness.