The impact of social media is no longer limited to the exchange of information between individuals. It has transformed into a fundamental force shaping public opinion and influencing policy formulation and decision-making at the local and global levels. These platforms have now become a major driver of social, cultural, and political change, profoundly transforming the concept of communication and media and rapidly reshaping societal values ¿¿and attitudes. In the past, public opinion reflected the aggregate of individuals' opinions on specific issues. However, with the emergence of digital platforms, it has transformed into a dynamic entity, altered by complex interactions across online networks. Social media has given individuals a broad space for expression and influence, but at the same time, it has contributed to the rapid spread of fake news and misinformation, raising serious challenges to its credibility and impact on societal stability. The transition from traditional to digital media has completely changed the rules of the game. News is no longer the monopoly of limited institutions but has become available to everyone. This requires the development of innovative strategies to address the challenges of misinformation and protect society from its potential negative effects.