This book highlights the latest advancements in microbial biotechnology and its crucial role in promoting sustainable development across three key areas: bioenergy, bioremediation, and bioproducts.It emphasizes the potential of microbes as renewable, sustainable resources capable of generating high-value products and acting as efficient alternatives to conventional methods. Key topics included algal, bacterial, and fungal biotechnology, focusing on producing biomass and valuable metabolites through CO2 sequestration, concurrent bioremediation, resource recovery, and environmental sustainability. This book presents cutting-edge information on how integrated microbial engineering can valorize waste while sustainably generating essential resources. Additionally, it explores how microbes can help address critical challenges, such as resource depletion and pollution management, offering solutions for a more sustainable future. - Explores cutting-edge technologies in microbial biotechnology, including the production of high-value products using microbes, such as bacteria, fungi, and algae. - Elucidates strategies like mycoremediation, microbial degradation, and integrated CO2 sequestration with bioremediation to address pressing environmental challenges. - Understanding the potential of algae and purple bacteria in waste valorization and circular economy models, including biodiesel production and wastewater treatment. - Provides comprehensive information on the emerging therapeutic possibilities of microbial systems and their role in disease control. - Examines the role of microbes in enhancing plant growth as biofertilizers, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices and improved regional water quality through microbial bioremediation.