Does your child talk to an imaginary friend? Did you create an imaginary friend as a child? What does having an imaginary friend mean? Is it an early marker of special creativity or a red flag signaling emotional distress? Can an imaginary friend provide support and love that is experienced as real? In this updated and greatly expanded second edition, Marjorie Taylor and Naomi R. Aguiar provide a comprehensive review of what is known about imaginary friends, including research conducted over the past 25 years since the first edition as published in 1999, as well as the classic early studies. Imaginary Friends and the People Who Create Them provides rich descriptions of imaginary friends and how they function in the lives of both children and adults. The authors discuss psychological research on imaginary friends and explore connections to related phenomena, such as imaginary worlds, relationships with media characters, and the development of creativity. A discussion of how imaginary friends are related to the creation of characters in fiction writing is informed by interviews with renowned authors including Philip Pullman, Sue Grafton, and P. D. James. Taylor and Aguiar also look ahead to address the future of research on imaginary friends, including relationships with artificial intelligence and the role of imaginary friends in coping with trauma, while dispelling the myths about imaginary friends and the people who create them.