??? ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????, ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????. ???????, ???????? ?????????????? ??? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????. ?????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ? ??????? ????????????????????? ?????? ??? ???????????????????????. This book represents the most systematic attempt to trace the profound social cChange that took over Kerala from the middle of the 19th century. It is not a study of Nairs alone, but a social and political history of one of India`s most fascinating areas during a time of rapid change.