The well-being of dental pulp is fundamental for the life span of a tooth. It is, therefore necessary to control caries as well as replace the lost tooth structure with a suitable restoration. However, while managing deep caries in vital teeth, pulpal exposure can be a cause of concern and at times inevitable. In such situations, with our enhanced understanding of pulp and advances in material biocompatibility, the questionable fate of an exposed dental pulp can be raised to that of hope and recovery. Vital pulp therapy aims to safeguard and keep up with pulpal well-being in teeth that have presented with injury, caries, restorative procedures, and developmental or anatomical anomalies as well as initiate the tertiary reparative dentin or calcific bridge formation. Ongoing advances in pulp biology and dental materials have given effective treatment strategies for both sound and partially inflamed pulps. This book aims to provide a comprehensive review about various agents and techniques pertaining to vital pulp therapy.