A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out in the orthopaedic service of the Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital, from May 1, 2005 to April 30, 2015. With the aim of characterising the behaviour of knee prosthesis failure in patients operated on for gonarthrosis. With a sample of 26 patients. The female sex predominated with 21 cases for 80.8 %. The mean age was 72 years with a standard deviation of 7.56 years. The most affected knee was the right knee with 14 patients (63.8%). Prosthetic failure appeared with an evolution time between 1 and 5 years represented by 46.2%, finding that smoking was an important risk factor followed by obesity and diabetes mellitus. Aseptic failure predominated. Prosthesis replacement was the most frequently used procedure.