Ivan Turgenev published a novella in 1872 titled Torrents of Spring, often known as Spring Torrents. It features young Russian landowner Dimitry Sanin, who falls madly in love for the first time while visiting Frankfurt, Germany, and is mostly autobiographical in character. The book, which Turgenev wrote between 1870 and 1871 while he was in his forties, is regarded as one of his best. At the beginning of the novel, a middle-aged Dmitry Sanin is looking through some files in his study when he discovers a small cross that is set with garnets. This discovery transports him back in time to 1840 by thirty years. The piece, which is presented as a memory, centers on the thoughts of middle-aged and weary Sanin on his earlier love affair with young Italian woman Gemma. Sanin suddenly fell under the spell of an older Russian woman and was enthralled by her, despite the fact that she voluntarily ended her engagement with another man and announced her love for him. He shamefully ended their relationship with Gemma in order to pursue the cunning Madame Polozov, but now that he is older and wiser, he is wondering what he missed.