Case Study from the year 2021 in the subject Interpreting / Translating , University of Babylon (College of Education for Human Sciences), course: Ph.D., language: English, abstract: This paper is an attempt at investigating the relationship that occurs between the translator and the writer. It aims at revealing how the translator works within the conditions of cognitive factors, such as interpretation, intention & context, and how or even why the target text comes to have its final version. However, T.S. Eliot's Journey of the Magi and its translation into Arabic are chosen here as the data of this study. The Arabic translation is made by Badr Shakir As-Sayyab published in his book, entitled Selected Pomes of the Modern World Poetry. However, this translation will be gauged in terms of natural cognitive factors that affect the translator during the process of translation. Besides, The model of Analysis is proposed by Louise Cummings in his article entitled Theory of mind in utterance interpretation (2015: 100-112), cited in Airenti, Cruciani & Plebe (eds.) (2017). Two hypotheses have been included in this regard. First, since the translator has the control to manipulate, interpose, and recreate the text, he might become the writer of that text. Secondly, the linguistic repertoire (choices) and decisions made by the translator may be affected in terms of the cognitive factors mentioned above.