This book is intended for outdoor instructors and outdoor instructors in training. The skill of teaching is different to the skill of an outdoor activity though both sets of skills can complement each other. The art of teaching can be learned through observation and experience but is best anchored in the science of teaching. This book is intended to give the theoretical background needed for anyone teaching in the wild outdoors. The book is useful for the following outdoor instructors: Expedition Canoeing and kayaking Caving Climbing and mountaineering Skiing Backpacking and camping Environmental Education Outdoor leadership training The benefits to the readers are:  An understanding of educational theories pertinent to teaching and learning in the outdoors  Useful concepts that can improve any instructor’s teaching skills  An understanding of what may be working for instructors and what may not be working for them in their present teaching (and why).