Between the 16th and 18th centuries, European political philosophy felt intimately at home with the Hebrew Bible, enjoyed some familiarity with later Jewish texts and exegeses, and accommodated a small number of Jews within its political discourse. The period was characterized by a search for Hebraica Veritas, a view of De Republica Hebraeorum as the idealized polity, and biblical and Jewish ideas permeating the political imagination through art, literature, and legal codes. This volume is comprised of papers from the first ever international conference on political Hebraism held in Jerusalem in August 2004 under the auspices of the Shalem Center. The topic of political Hebraism is broached here from a number of approaches, including historical, literary, philosophical, theological, critical, and sociopolitical.